2021, Vol. 9, Issue 5, Part A

author(s)
Despina Tounta, George Spanos and Christine Tesseromatis

abstract
Dementia is defined as the gradual decline of all acquired intellectual skills / abilities such as memory, ability to concentrate, learning etc. From the onset of human civilization, loss of mental capacity and function was observed and recorded. The disease affects the patient's behavior and personality, causing neglect of physical hygiene, withdrawal, indifference, arousal and paranoid ideation usually around the close relatives. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the presence of senile or neurotic plaques in the extracellular space, consisting of nerve endings with central deposition of β-amyloid, protein glycans and other proteins, and end neuronal neurofibrillary tangles. The pathological findings of a brain patient with Alzheimer's contain abnormal masses and irregular bundles of brain cells. The goal of drug therapy is to stabilize mental disorders, improve behavioral disorders, and treat the depression that often accompanies dementia. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (AchE): donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine aim to stabilize the mental state of Alzheimer's patients. Additionally, there are plants that play cytoprotective role against the observed inflammation in dementia. Such plants include Gingo biloba L, Galanthus nvalis L Melissa officinalis L Salvia officinalis L and Crocus sativus L.