2025, Vol. 13, Issue 2, Part B

author(s)
Ihsan Alrubaie, Mustafa Kadhum Naeem, Muhand Dohan Abid, Ali Jabbar Radhi, Hayder Ghanim Chafat, Jawad Alshams, Ahmed Wheed Radhi, Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi Alaridhee and Hayder K Khattar

abstract
Carbene compounds have emerged as promising materials for use in solar cells due to their unique electrical and optical properties. These materials are known to have effective optical characteristics as they have effective absorption in the visible to a near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which enables efficient conversion of light to electrical energy. Incorporating carbenes into solar cell structures can also improve the device's performance in terms of the cells' stability and power conversion efficiency. One of the main advantages of carbene compounds is that they can easily be synthesized and modified to tailor their structure and make them more suitable for solar cells. This allows intricate engineering of energy levels, absorption spectra and molecular structures so that the performance of the device is optimized. It has been reported recently that carbene compounds can achieve high power conversion efficiencies in many varieties of solar cells, such as organic photovoltaics and perovskite solar cells.