2025, Vol. 13, Issue 6, Part A

author(s)
Orutugu Ayibatonye Lemmy, Gborienemi George Simeon and Ferdinand Chukwuma Ezeiruaku

abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is known to induce oxidative stress and disrupt physiological homeostasis in mammals. This study compared the antioxidant effects of Phyllanthus amarus leaf crude methanolic extract (PAE) and vitamin E (Vit E) on BPA-induced oxidative stress in Rats. Twenty four adult male rats were divided into six groups: control, BPA-treated, BPA + PAE (low dose), BPA + PAE (high dose), BPA + Vit. E and PAE only. Oxidative stress biomarkers, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were analyzed in serum. BPA exposure significantly increased MDA levels and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (p<0.05). Both PAE and Vit E treatments mitigated these effects, but PAE showed greater efficacy in restoring antioxidant enzyme activities. The findings suggest that P. amarus possesses strong antioxidative properties capable of protecting against BPA-induced oxidative damage, potentially offering a plant-based alternative to conventional antioxidants like vitamin E.